Abstract
Background: The clinical importance of the CD4:CD8 ratio in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on an-tiret rovirals (ARVs) is increasingly recognized. Indeed, the persistence of an inverted CD4:CD8 ratio under ARV was associated with a higher level of immune activation and a higher risk of occurrence of comorbidities classifying or not AIDS. However, due to events that have become rare, few studies report the prognostic value of the CD4:CD8 ratio in PLHIV born to HIV positive.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to identify biomarkers of immunological activation in-volved in the monitoring of people born HIV
Methods: The study was longitudinal prospective carried out at the Yaounde University Hospital, from 2020 to 2021, on young people born HIV positive, aged over 19, on ARV, with an undetectable viral load, and whose medical file was available and complete within the Approved Treatment Center. Participants' socio-de mographic and clinical data were recorded, and rapid diagnostic tests for infections with HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), HCV (Hepatitis C Virus), EBV (Epstein Barr-Virus), CMV (Cytomegalovirus) were carried out. Determination of the T lymphocyte profile was carried out by flow cytometry. Participants' parameters were taken at inclusion (P1) and 12 months later (P2). Statistical analysis was carried out with version 22.0 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, chi-square and Spearman's correlation coefficient were calculated for comparison purposes.
Results: 74 participants were enrolled, with the sex-ratio of 0.45 and the age group of 5-10 years was the largest 33.78% (n=25), and children were the most affected at 56.76% (n=42). From P (1) to P (2) the most common therapeutic protocol was TDF/3TC/EFV with 86.96% (n=59) participants and 29.73% (n=43) participants. The prevalence of comorbidities of P (1) and P (2) was 43.24% and 50%. The aver-age of CD4+and CD8+ counts were respectively 536.76+/-21.63 cells/mm3 and 754.93+/-50.78 cells/mm3 at P (1) and 908.30+/-50.25 cells/mm3 and 1202.30 +/-447.70 cells/mm3 at P (2). From P (1) to P (2), the average CD4:CD8ratio was 0.72 and 0.93. At P (1), the most common liver virus was HBV 22.97% (n=17), at P (2) it was CMV 95.95%. The CD4+:CD8+ ratio (0.001)..
Conclusion: An increase in CD4+ and CD8+ counts during the follow-up period was found associated with CD4:CD8 ratio
doi.org/10.63721/25JPMIDT0110
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